Some smaller cities you might like:

Around London:

• Brighton: Cool beach town
• Cotswolds: North of London, gorgeous with rolling green and thatched roof houses. rent a bike!

Berlin

• Berlin’s cool on its own. Stay and hangout in East Berlin. Awesome art scene.

Prague

• Cesky Krumlov is a nice littele city

Amsterdam

• If you fancy getting out of the big city, the small town of Noordwijk is on teh beach, an hour from Amsterdam and has a branch of the Flying Pig Hostel.

I really recommend you Switzerland. The Alps are amazing (Matterhorn, Jungfraujoch) and also the ski resorts are awesome. Ok, if you’ve been in the Rockies (Whistler Banff) it s not gonna be that impressive but it s still worth seeing it. Im swiss and I ve also been in the wonderful Rocky Mountains but I still prefer the Alps

From Munich it is easy to visit Salzburg (a Bavarian train ticket has a special rate). Hallstadt is a bit beyond Salzburg, but the scenery is beautiful.

You will be too late for the tulips in Amsterdam, but it is still a nice visit. They have a Netherlands museum pass that covers most of the best art museums. Haarlem is a short train ride away and is nice (some people stay in Haarlem and take the train to Amsterdam because Haarlem is less expensive). The Hague is also near Amsterdam and has some excellent museums that the above pass will work at.

From Barcelona you can easily visit Montserrat which is up in the mountains and very scenic.

I would consider making your trip a little later in the year, when prices are usually lower. and everyone seems to like the Christmas fairs that start in late November and run until just before Christmas. But I’m not sure you could hit both Octoberfest and the Christmas fairs.

You must vist at Florence and see a sunset from Piazzale Michelangelo. Take note that the Louvre is free to everyone on the first Sunday of the month.

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I went to Germany once and it was a great trip!

Prague is stunning.. Most of them can speak English

Ok, I’ll start with the Netherlands. Amsterdam is a “must see” for at least 3 days (not only for all the “free” things, but for all the amazing architecture, canals , Van Gogh and much much more). If you have a bit more time, also visit Utrecht – it’s not that far (around 30 mins by train from the Central Station). This is a good place to hear some really good music (curiously, some very nice festivals are held in Utrecht, not in Amsterdam, because it’s cheaper). One more point for Amsterdam – if you are a nerd like I am, I suggest Nemo. Still, keep in mind, the Netherlands will cost you some money.
Next, of course, Paris. If you want to see the old-school Paris, with romance and art and chanson, go up the street from Moulin Rouge and you will get to the old streets of Paris, from Toulouse Lautrec times. If you want to see Grand Paris – it’s the center: the Arch, the Towel and Notre Dame are aligned in a very strict architectural composition, so it’ll take you a day to see all the sights. It’s huge and it’s also pricey. You might want to use some tips for travelers about finding better offers for hotels and eating out.
Finally, your trip to Europe would be incomplete without Spain. Be it Barcelona with Gaudi everywhere, or Madrid with beautiful shutters on every window and marvelous people in merry fiesta mood. If you have time, also move a little closer to the south and visit Portugal (Lisbon is a city to see). What is coll about Spain and Portugal – these countries are much cheaper to travel around, to rent a car, to get a room in a hotel and eat out. And the food will never disappoint you.