R would be a regional train — usually cheap because they don’t require reservations. EN is EuroNight ES is EurostarItalia — the most expensive as the reservation is something like 19 euros. If you click on the specific train it may give you more information — and if you click on "buy" you can tell more because the price will reflect the reservation charge. If you’re still lost try looking up the same trains on the German rail website (bahn.de) — it’s a little more user friendly in English, but you can’t find prices for trains outside of Germany.

awesome thank you very much! that helps a lot

as a follow up, does anyone know which trains in italy can be used w/ the eurail pass and which cost extra to ride?

You’ll be able to take any of the trains in Italy with your pass, but a few trains such as the eurostar will require reservation fees.
You’ll need to decide when to use a rail pass in Italy, because the rail fares are comparatively low, and sometimes you’re better off paying for a ticket, and saving your rail pass days for other countries where the cost of rail tickets may be higher. For example, you could take the cost of your pass, and divide that by the number od days of validity, and that’ll tell you roughly your cost per day—-then compare that with the cost of a ticket from one city to another.
In general, use your pass for long (and more expensive) trips, and buy a ticket for shorter and less expensive trips.

Lots of Italian trains require reservations that aren’t covered by a railpass. However, there are lots of regional trains that don’t require reservations. On most trips, a train that doesn’t require reservations takes 1/2 to 1 hour longer as it makes more stops. The biggest problem is traveling in the morning. Usually the trains at &quotrime time" require reservations. You may have to wait until 10:00 AM or so to catch a train that doesn’t require a reservation.

I am going to Umbria via Milan. I am wondering if flying to Linate I will be able to get to the Eurostar as easily as if I fly to into
Malpensa? Once I reach Florence, I need to go to Perugia by a regional train? Any helpful suggestions? Thanks so much for any help that anyone has from past experiences?